Ultrasonographic Features of Pseudomyxoma Peritonei and TheirComparison with Computed Tomographic Findings / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the value of ultrasound in the diagnosis of pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) and summarize the ultrasonographic features of PMP by comparing with computed tomography (CT) findings.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Ultrasound and CT scan results of 25 patients with PMP confirmed by pathology after surgery were analyzed retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among these 25 PMP patients,three were diagnosed by ultrasound and six by CT(P=0.579). The specific ultrasonographic features of PMP were as follows:the dense punctuate echoes or floccules were detected in hydrops abdominis,which seldom or never move with the change of body position. Honeycomb-like lesions were typical. Notches were formed on the surface of liver or spleen due to the mucinous material and/or the mucinous lesions.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Both ultrasound and CT scan have poor detection rate in the diagnosis of PMP. PMP has specific ultrasonographic features,which may make it possible to diagnose most PMP lesions by ultrasound before surgery</p>

Sonographic features of lymphoma in the abdominal lymph nodes / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To summarize the sonographic features of the lymphoma in the abdominal lymph nodes.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The clinical data and sonographic findings of 41 lymphoma patients with original appearance of abdominal mass or lymphadenectasis were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among these 41 cases, the retroperitoneal and mesenteric lymph nodes were most commonly involved.These patients were divided into two types according to sonographic appearances:solitary mass(n=14) and multiple nodules(n=27) .Solitary hypoechoic mass in abdomen was found in the former type, mostly with irregular or lobular shape, and the inner echo was often heterogenous.The typical appearances of the latter type were multiple enlarged lymph nodes, mostly round or oval, with homogeneous inner echo and clear margins.Some other sonographic characteristics were also helpful for the diagnosis of lymphoma, such as cobblestone sign, intranodular reticulation, vessels-embedded sign, and hilar vascularity.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ultrasonography can provide useful information in the diagnosis of the lymphoma in the abdominal lymph nodes.</p>

Ultrasonographic characteristics of ovarian carcinosarcoma / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To summarize the ultrasonographic characteristics of ovarian carcinosarcoma (OCS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 12 patients with OCS have been detected in our department. All patients underwent surgical resection and the OCSs were confirmed pathologically. Ultrasound examination was performed before operation. Imaging features were analyzed retrospectively for bilaterality, size, and tumor solidity (cystic or solid). Presence of ascites and other evidence of peritoneal seeding, adjacent organ invasion, and surgical staging were also evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Unilateral OCSs were found in 11 patients and bilateral OCSs in one patient one side was missed by ultrasound). Nine OCSs were solid, and 3 were mixed (solid and cystic). The diameter of the largest dimension was less than 10 cm in 4 cases, 10-20 cm in 7 cases, and larger than 20 cm in one case. Other ultrasonographic findings including peritoneal seeding and direct invasion into the adjacent organs were seen in 8 patients. Surgical stages were International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) classification c and b in one patient each, c in 9 patients, and in one patient.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>OCSs usually present as large, hypoechoic, solid, and aggressive tumors, combined with frequent peritoneal seeding and adjacent organ invasion.</p>

Diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in liver metastases and its clinical application / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the performance of liver metastases with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and assess its clinical application.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-one patients with 21 untreated liver metastases underwent CEUS with low mechanical index imaging. The characteristic appearances of CEUS in different vascular phases were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of 21 metastases, 19 (90.5%) were identified as fast-in and fast-out enhancement pattern. In the arterial phase, all the 21 lesions showed enhancement but with varied appearances: 12 (57.1%) showed early diffuse enhancement, 8 (38.1%) showed ring-like enhancement, and the remaining one lesion of large size showed slowly enhomogenous minor enhancement. In the late phase, sharp defects were found in 20 lesions (95.2%), and more lesions were detected in 3 patients (14.3%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CEUS can show the characteristic appearance of liver metastases, and can be used for the screening and diagnosis of liver cancers.</p>